Preheat your oven to 200°C (180°C fan / gas 6) and place a large baking tray inside to heat up. Line another tray or board with baking parchment and set aside.
In a large mixing bowl, sift together the self-raising flour, salt, cayenne pepper, and baking powder to evenly distribute the dry ingredients.
Add the chilled, cubed butter to the bowl and rub it into the flour using your fingertips until the mixture resembles fine breadcrumbs. Work quickly and lightly to keep the butter cold.
110 Grams Chilled butter
Stir 200 grams of the grated cheddar into the breadcrumb mixture, gently mixing until evenly combined without overworking into a dough.
240 Grams Mature cheddar
Make a well in the center of the bowl and gradually pour in the milk, mixing with a knife or your hands until a soft but firm dough forms. Add the milk a little at a time, you may not need it all.
200 Milliliters Milk
Turn the dough out onto a lightly floured surface and gently bring it together. Roll it out to about 2 cm thick, then cut out rounds using an 8 cm cutter, pressing straight down without twisting.
Arrange the scones on baking parchment, brush the tops lightly with milk, and sprinkle with the remaining grated cheese. Carefully transfer the parchment onto the preheated baking tray.
Bake for 15-20 minutes, or until the scones are well risen, golden on top, and cooked through. Remove from the oven and allow to cool slightly before serving.
Notes
Tips & Tricks:
Keep everything cold: Cold butter helps create flaky, tender scones, so avoid overhandling the dough.
Don't overmix: A light touch keeps the scones soft. Stop mixing as soon as the dough comes together.
Straight cuts matter: Press the cutter straight down to help the scones rise evenly.
Extra cheesy top: For a deeper golden crust, add a little extra grated cheese just before baking.
Best served fresh: Cheese scones are at their best warm from the oven, but can be reheated gently if needed.